A profilaxia e o tratamento das enfermidades do oeste paulista: o Serviço Sanitário e o tracoma no princípio do século XX / Prophylaxis and treatment of diseases in western São Paulo state: the Sanitation Service and trachoma in the early twentieth century

Resumo Em 1906, Emílio Ribas reorganizou o Serviço Sanitário e centralizou na capital os serviços de saúde pública do estado de São Paulo. Nesse projeto, a campanha de combate ao tracoma, uma enfermidade oftálmica, foi implantada. Este artigo analisa essa campanha que atendeu os enfermos das propriedades rurais em um processo que antecedeu ao Código Sanitário Rural de 1917. O material empírico foi composto por relatórios governamentais, decretos, periódicos médicos e jornais. Concluímos que Ribas, ao criar uma estrutura que unificou os esforços dos distritos sanitários com as equipes de atendimento das Comissões do Tracoma, buscou formar um complexo aparato para combater as enfermidades presentes tanto nas áreas urbanas quanto na zona rural.

Abstract In 1906, Emílio Ribas reorganized the Sanitation Service and centralized São Paulo state public health services in the state capital. A campaign to combat trachoma, an ophthalmic disease, was implemented as part of this project. This article analyzes this campaign, which provided care for the sick living on rural properties in a process that predated the 1917 Rural Sanitary Code. The empirical data was obtained from government reports, decrees, medical journals and newspapers. We conclude that Ribas, by creating an organization that integrated the efforts of the sanitary districts and the Trachoma Commission medical teams, sought to form a complex apparatus to combat the diseases present in both urban areas and the countryside.

Historia social de la formación en enfermería en Santa Marta, Colombia / Social history of training in nursing in Santa Marta, Colombia

RESUMEN Introducción: Creada en el año 1994, la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia de Santa Marta se convirtió en la primera experiencia de formación en enfermería en la ciudad. Inició en el marco de la coyuntura generada por la constitución política de 1991, la ley 100 de 1993, la ley 266 de 1996, en la cual se reglamenta la profesión de la enfermería en Colombia. Desde el punto de vista local, el proceso formativo implicó el reconocimiento y posicionamiento de la enfermería en la ciudad. Objetivo: Analizar el desarrollo histórico del proceso formativo de la enfermería en Santa Marta, Colombia. Métodos: Estudio histórico, combina historia oral con revisión documental. La historia oral se realizó por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, realizadas a egresados, profesores y personal administrativo que ha laborado en el programa. Para el análisis de la información se organizó, clasificó y procesó la información y codificó e interpretó de acuerdo a una matriz de análisis. Resultados: En 22 años de existencia, el proceso formativo de enfermería en la ciudad de Santa Marta ha empleado una variedad de estrategias, dirigidas a posicionar la profesión en la ciudad, construyendo un discurso, identidad y performance enfermero. Conclusiones: La historia social de la formación en enfermería permite visibilizar procesos de posicionamiento y reconocimiento de la profesión, así como una serie de iniciativas que permanecen ocultas en las versiones tradicionales de la historia(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Created in 1994, the School of Nursing of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, became the first experience of nursing education in the city. It started in the framework of the situation created by the 1991 Constitution, Law 100 of 1993, Law 266 of 1996, in which the profession of nursing in Colombia is regulated. From the local perspective, the training process involved the recognition and positioning of nursing in the city. Objective: Analyze the historical development of the learning process of nursing in Santa Marta - Colombia. Methods: Historical study, combines oral history documentary review. Oral history was conducted through semi-structured interviews conducted with alumni, faculty and staff who has worked in the program. For the analysis of information he was organized and processed classified information and codified and interpreted according to an analysis matrix. Results: In its 22 years of existence, the nursing training process in the city of Santa Marta has employed a variety of strategies aimed at positioning the profession in the city, building a speech, identity and performance nurse. Conclusions: The social history of nursing education allows positioning visualize processes and recognition of the profession as well as a number of initiatives that remain hidden in traditional versions of history(AU)